Yes. Don't even think about not using one.
Your insurance likely won't cover the house fire caused by the Japanese home-market 100VAC amplifier you plugged into a US power point either.
For a traditional transformer based supply, all the secondary voltages will be 20% higher, currents will increase, capacitors may have their working voltage exceeded, overheat and vent, the TXF may overheat. Incandescent bulbs (if any) will rapidly fail. The amplifier (if conventional) will deliver more power than it was designed for, which may tempt you to push it harder and accelerate its already tenuous grip on functionality. There may not be requisite thermal fuses in home-market Japanese gear and fires can and do result.
Sure, you can import a 100V Lux or an Accuphase direct from Japan or a 2nd hand dealer, but you will be on your own when it fails. Accuphase will not supply you with parts or help unless you go through their country dealer. If it wasn't sold in the US, the door will slam shut on service. I'm not sure if the home market rules still apply (anti grey market exports) where all gear sold in Japan must be fixed 100V and offer no internal way of changing to other voltages. Less important with SMPS supplies as they can be configured, but a big amplifier transformer? No way.